Passive and Active Voice In the passive voice the subject is acted upon. The passive voice is useful when the writer needs to be sensitive (say something delicately) or needs to focus on the subject being acted upon. However, the passive voice should be used sparingly, especially in academic writing. This voice can be long-winded and slow. The use of any form of 'to be' can be considered passive. Passive Voice Two examples of passive voice are: 'Steps to ensure reliability and validity of research, analysis, and results were taken in the study.' 'This research problem and its basis were described clearly and completely by the authors.'
(Calvano, 2012). Examples of acceptable use of the passive voice are: The tickets were sold yesterday. (The actor is not known) The flag pole has been broken in half. (The writer is focused on the action.) Active Voice In active voice, the subject is performing the action. The active voice is widely used in the English language.
The sentences above can be altered to reflect the active voice: The researcher took steps to ensure the reliability and validity of research, analysis, and results of the study. The authors clearly and completely described the research problem and its basis.
When a sentence is written, it can either be written in active voice or passive voice. Active voice describes a sentence where the subject performs the action stated by the verb.
For example: Tom changed the flat tire. Passive voice describes a sentence where the subject is acted upon by the verb. For example: The tire was changed by Tom. In most cases, writing sentences in passive voice is discouraged because it can obscure the subject of the sentence, and confuse the reader. It also usually creates a wordy and awkward sentence construction.
Defining Passive Voice Every sentence contains, at minimum, a subject and an action. The subject is the person or thing the sentence is about, and the action is what the subject is doing. When a sentence is in, the subject is doing the action and the subject typically comes before the action in the sentence. For example:. I swim.
I is the subject. Swim is the action.
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The subject doing the action comes before the action, so it is immediately clear to the reader who is doing what. When a sentence is in, the subject is being acted on by the verb and the subject typically comes after the action. For example:. Swimming is something I do.
Here, the action is swimming. The subject is I.
The sentence is in passive voice, since the person doing the action (I) is not mentioned until after the action Some sentences also contain - the thing being acted upon. This can make it more difficult to determine whether the sentence is in passive voice. For example, here is a sentence in active voice:.
Anna hits the ball. Anna is the subject. Hits is the action. The ball is the object.
That same sentence in passive voice reads:. The ball is hit by Anna. The ball is the object - not the subject of the sentence. The ball is not doing an action. Therefore, it should be after the subject (Anna) Tips to Recognize the Passive Voice Sometimes a sentence in passive voice does not necessarily sound 'wrong' or wordy. However, it is still best to write in active voice when possible. In order to recognize that a sentence is in passive voice, watch out for these keywords:.
Be. Is.
Are. A. Was. Were. Has been. Have been.
Will be. Being How to Change Voice from Passive to Active In order to change passive voice to active voice, you need to recognize what the subject of the sentence is and then rewrite the sentence so the subject is performing the action. Let's use the following example to understand how to change passive voice to active voice: Extensive training on the new safety procedures was required to be attended by the maintenance staff. We can recognize that this sentence is in passive voice because the keyword was is used, and because it is not initially clear who or what this sentence is about.
In order to correct the sentence: Step One: Identify the subject of the sentence - who is doing an action? The training is not doing an action, so it can't be the subject. The only person or thing doing an action here is the maintenance staff. They are attending training. So, the maintenance staff is the subject of the sentence. Step Two: Rewrite the sentence so the subject is performing the action. This sentence could be rewritten to active voice as follows: The maintenance staff had to attend extensive training on the new safety procedures.
This rewrite makes it immediately clear to the reader who is doing what. The subject is doing the action. Practice Changing Passive to Active Voice Correct the following five sentences to practice changing passive to active voice. The answers are below:. The jar is filled with sand. Reading is enjoyed by Mary.
The town was destroyed by fire. The room will be cleaned by John every Saturday. Cheese was eaten by Sara. Answers to Practice Sentences. Sand filled the jar.
( Sand is the subject, filled is the action). Mary enjoys reading.
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( Mary is the subject, enjoys is the action). Fire destroyed the town. ( Fire is the subject, destroyed is the action). John will clean the room every Saturday. ( John is the subject, clean is the action).
Sara ate the cheese. ( Sara is the subject, ate is the action).
Change Passive Voice to Active Voice By YourDictionary When a sentence is written, it can either be written in active voice or passive voice.Active voice describes a sentence where the subject performs the action stated by the verb. For example: Tom changed the flat tire.Passive voice describes a sentence where the subject is acted upon by the verb. For example: The tire was changed by Tom.In most cases, writing sentences in passive voice is discouraged because it can obscure the subject of the sentence, and confuse the reader. It also usually creates a wordy and awkward sentence construction.
When the active verb is in the simple past tense Sentences in the simple past tense are formed with the second form of the verb. Active verb form: second form of the verb Passive verb form: was/were + past participle form of the verb Exercise Change the following sentences into the passive voice. She made a third attempt.
The boy asked a difficult question. She wrote an award-winning novel. The terrorists blew up the bridge. The police caught the thief. A third attempt was made by her. A difficult question was asked by the boy. An award-winning novel was written by her.
The bridge was blown up by the terrorists. The thief was caught by the police. When the active voice is in the past continuous tense Active verb form: was/were + -ing form of the verb Passive verb form: was/were + being + past participle form of the verb Exercise Change the following sentences into the passive. Megha was writing a poem. The woman was washing clothes. The masons were building the house. Mother was making a cake.
The girl was painting a picture. A poem was being written by Megha. Clothes were being washed by the woman. The house was being built by the masons. A cake was being made by mother. A picture was being painted by the girl.
What is Voice? “A Grammar of Contemporary English” defines Voice as “voice is a grammatical category which makes it possible to view the action of a sentence in two ways, without change in the facts reported”. One and the same idea can often be expressed in two different ways, by means of an active, and by means of a passive construction. Active Voice Active voice is used to indicate the grammatical subject of the verb is performing the action or causing the happening denoted by the verb.
With the active voice, you learn ‘who’ or ‘what’ is responsible for the action at the beginning of the sentence. In other words, the subject performs the action denoted by the verb. With help of active voice more powerful sentences can be build than passive voice. Use of active voice: 1.
Active voice is used in a clause whose subject expresses the agent of the main verb. Subject can be easily identified by asking ‘who’ or ‘what’ to the verb. Sentences are short and easily understandable. Example: John wrote the letter.John ( subject) performs the action denoted by the verb ( write). Passive Voice In Passive voice the sentence focus on object i.e. Who/what is receiving the action and not on who/what is performing the action.
In passive voice, the actor of the of the verb (action) is either understood at the end of the sentence or maybe not told. The passive voice is used in writing facts, truth, lab or technical reports in which the actor is not important or unknown, but the action happening on the object is very important. Use of passive voice: 1. It is used if it doesn‘t need to know or we don‘t know the actor performing the job. In the end of the clause or sentence “by” is prefixed to know the actor performing the job.
It is used if we are more interested in the job than the actors who work. Example: The letter was written by John. letter receives the action denoted by the write (verb).
Active To Passive Voice Converter Software Free Online
How to identify the active / passive voice? Ask who/what performed the action(verb)? - if the ‘ who or what is at the beginning of the sentence, the sentence is active voice. Example: Jack is eating the apple. Question will be: Who is eating the apple? Look for the word “ by”, if present it is passive voice.
Active/Passive voice using Modals: The modal verbs consist of will, would, can, could, shall, should, may, might, must which are used with main verbs to express ability, probability, obligation, advice etc. To convert active voice having modal into passive voice, auxiliary verb “be” is added after modal in sentence.
Rules for Active to Passive conversion Tense Active voice Passive voice Simple Present Tense Subject + infinitive + object E.g. The grocer sells fresh vegetables. S + to be + past participle + by object E.g. Fresh vegetables are sold by the grocer. Present Continuous Tense Subject + to be (is, am, are) being + present participle + object E.g. My boss is giving many assignments. S + to be (is, am, are) + being + past participle + by object E.g.
Many assignments are being given by my boss. Present Perfect Tense Subject + has/have + past participle + object E.g. I have taken him out. S + have/has been + past participle + by object E.g. He has been taken out by me.
Simple Past Tense Subject + past participle + object E.g. He built a large house. S + was/were + past participle + by object E.g. A large house was built by him.
Past Continuous Tense S + was/were + being + past participle + object E.g She was cooking dinner. S + was/were + being + past participle +by object E.g. Dinner was being cooked by her. Past Perfect Tense Subject + had + past participle + object E.g. She had posted the letter. S + had been + past participle + by object E.g.
The letter had been posted by her. Simple Future Tense Subject + will + infinitive + object E.g. I will give you a present.
S + will + be + past participle + by object E.g. A present will be given to you by me. Future Perfect Tense Subject + would + infinitive + object E.g.
The doctor shall have examined ten patients by 10 O’clock. S + would + be + past participle + by object E.g. Ten patients will have been examined by 10 O’clock by the doctor. Rules for Pronouns in Active to Passive conversion Active voice Passive voice I me you you we us they them it it Pronoun number and person table Person I II III Number Singular I - am you - are he,she,it - is John,Sara - is Plural we - are you - are they - are.
Changing passive verbs into active verbs is probably the best-kept secret of professional writers and editors. If you use active verbs whenever possible in your writing, you'll change your style from dull, impersonal and long-winded to vigorous, interesting and readable. When StyleWriter highlights passive verbs in your writing, it advises you to turn them into active verbs. This tutorial teaches you two ways to do this and also explains when you can use passive verbs. What Are Passive Verbs?Passive verbs consist of the verb to be combining with the past participle of another verb. Each passive verb starts with one form of the verb to be, such as: is, are, was, were, be, been, being.
Transforming Active To Passive Voice
Followed by the past participle of another verb, either as: a regular verb ending in.ed such as believed, calculated or passed, or an irregular verb such as bought, made, understood Regular Passive Verbs Irregular Passive Verbs are believed are bought be recommended be taken is subsequently stated been fully understood been formally passed being taught Active verbs are essential to good writing. Replacing passive verbs with active verbs makes your writing lively, direct, concise and personal. To turn passive verbs into active verbs, either: Put ' Who did it?' First Passive: It was agreed by the committee. Editing: Who agreed? The committee did. Put this information first.
Active: The committee agreed. Cross out as much of the passive verb as you can. Passive: The savings could be used to pay for a new photocopier.
Editing: The savings could be used to pay for a new photocopier. Active: The savings could pay for a new photocopier. An average of only one or two passive verbs in every ten sentences is a sign of a competent and professional writer. Replacing passive verbs with active verbs means your: style becomes more personal and less official style is simpler and less awkward readers get more information meaning becomes clearer and more precise sentences are shorter and more effective. StyleWriter's Passive Index The Passive Index shows whether you have used too many passive verbs and helps you decide how many you need to change into active verbs. Too many passive verbs make writing tedious and difficult to read.
StyleWriter counts the number of passive verbs, divides them by the number of sentences and multiplies the result by 100 to give a Passive Index score. Passive Index = Number of Passive Verbs X 100 Number of Sentences StyleWriter's Passive Index can measure how passive your writing is, whatever its length. You should aim to keep the Passive Index as low as possible.
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If you have too many passive verbs, change as many passive verbs as you can into active verbs. If you can keep your Passive Index below 20, you're using a good, active writing style.
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